Westminster Hall is one of London's most stunning spaces.
Today, I'd like to take a closer look at this place.
Westminster Hall: article summary
- A brief history of the Palace of Westminster
- The Palace of Westminster today
- Westminster Hall: a breathtaking interior
- Behold the impressive hammered-beam roof
- Westminster Hall: spot the royal symbols
- Commemorative plaques on the ground
- Westminster Hall: Saint Stephen Hall
- How to visit Westminster Hall
A brief history of the Palace of Westminster
The first Palace of Westminster was built for Edward the Confessor in the 1040s and 1050s. It was rebuilt and enlarged during the medieval period and beyond.
Visit Palace of Westminster was the main royal residence until 1512, when a fire destroyed much of the residential part of the palace. It later became the seat of both Houses of Parliament: the Commons and the Lords.
Most of the palace was again destroyed by another huge fire in 1834 and rebuilt to plans by Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin.
The Palace of Westminster today
Remarkably, thanks to a change in wind direction and the heroic efforts of the firefighters, Westminster Hall managed to survive the blaze. It is now the oldest part of the palace.
Westminster Hall was built between 1097 and 1099 during the reign of William II, son of William the Conqueror.
Westminster Hall: a breathtaking interior
At 73 m, it was probably the largest hall in Europe at the time of its construction, designed to impress the king's subjects.
The stone walls are 2 meters thick. The hall has been the scene of some of the world's most important in the country's history.including :
- The first English Parliament in 1265
- The trial of William Wallace in 1305
- The trial of King Charles I in 1649
From 1189 to 1821, it was also the venue for the coronation banquet, immediately following the monarch's coronation.
Behold the impressive hammered-beam roof
The first thing that catches your eye when you enter the hall is the incredible hammered-beam roof.
Commissioned in 1393 by King Richard II during the renovation of the hall, it is the largest medieval wooden roof in Northern Europe.
It was built near Farnham in Surrey, then the 660 tons were transported on wagons and barges to Westminster for assembly.
At the ends of each beam are carved angels holding shields bearing the royal coat of arms of the period. It represents the fleur-de-lys of France and the 3 royal lions of England.
Westminster Hall: spot the royal symbols
All around the room, look for Richard II's emblem: the white heart. You'll also see the white deer on the central staircase.
Unfortunately for Richard II, after all this remodeling, the first major event to take place in his newly designed hall was his own deposition in 1399.
Commemorative plaques on the ground
On the floor are a number of brass plaques, easy to miss, commemorating events that took place in the room.
For example, there's a plaque stating that it was here, on 1ᵉʳ July 1535, that Sir Thomas More was sentenced to death.
There are also plates indicating where the bodies of various monarchs are laid to rest. George VI and the Queen Mother, Sir Winston Churchill and, of course, Queen Elizabeth II.
Westminster Hall: Saint Stephen Hall
OK, so it's not quite inside Westminster Hall, but I'd recommend a detour to St Stephen's Hall, which leads from Westminster Hall to the Houses of Parliament.
St Stephen's Hall is part of the palace rebuilt after the devastating fire of 1834. It is lined with statues of famous members of parliament and paintings depicting dramatic events in British history.
How to visit Westminster Hall
Everyone can visit Westminster Hall when Parliament is in session. You can watch the debates in the Houses on Wednesdays, or book one of their guided tours.
A trip to London isn't complete without spending part of your vacation in Westminster. You'll have the chance to discover England's political Mecca and attend debates in this large parliamentary room.